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Soil Testing

gloved hands testing different soils, sediments, and plants

Sediment and Sludge Testing:

Sediment and sludge testing are crucial components of soil testing, evaluating the quality and characteristics of sediments and sludges present in soils. These materials can significantly influence soil health by altering its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Understanding the properties of sediments and sludges is essential for assessing their impact on soil health, water quality, and potential environmental risks. Testing includes total solids, pH, organic matter content, nutrient analysis, heavy metals analysis, organic pollutant screening, pathogen detection, and particle size analysis. These tests help determine the most suitable methods for waste management and minimize environmental hazards. By conducting comprehensive sediment and sludge testing, environmental scientists, regulators, and land managers can make informed decisions regarding waste management, soil remediation, and protection of soil and water resources. Proper testing ensures responsible handling of sediments and sludges, reducing environmental impacts and promoting sustainable land use practices.

Compost Testing:

Compost testing is a crucial aspect of soil testing, evaluating the quality and nutrient content of compost to determine its suitability for soil improvement and fertilization. Compost is a valuable organic material that can improve soil fertility, water retention, and plant health. Proper testing ensures that the compost is safe, effective, and compatible with specific soil and crop requirements. Tests include nutrient analysis, pH and electrical conductivity, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C:N), maturity and stability, pathogen testing, heavy metal content, and contaminants screening. By analyzing these factors, farmers and gardeners can make informed decisions about compost application, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers, and promoting healthier soils and environmentally friendly crop production.

canisters of varying soils and sediments

TCLP:

Soil testing is essential for assessing the environmental impact of hazardous waste materials, particularly soils. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test is a standardized laboratory test that evaluates the potential for leaching hazardous constituents from solid wastes into the environment. It involves sample preparation, solid-to-liquid ratio, leaching procedure, filtering, and chemical analysis. TCLP holds significant importance in environmental laboratories for regulatory compliance, risk assessment, environmental impact, site remediation, and data-driven decisions. It helps determine whether a waste material is classified as hazardous under regulations like the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) in the United States and helps design containment systems to prevent leaching and contamination. TCLP testing also guides remediation efforts by identifying hazardous constituents and their leaching potential, aiding in determining appropriate cleanup methods. Overall, TCLP testing is a critical component of soil testing in environmental laboratories, providing valuable insights into the leaching potential of hazardous constituents from solid waste materials.

SPLP:

Soil testing is crucial for evaluating the environmental impact of contaminants on soil and groundwater. The Synthetic Precipitation Leaching Procedure (SPLP) test is a vital tool for evaluating the mobility and leaching potential of contaminants from soil and solid waste materials. The SPLP test simulates the effects of rainfall on contaminated soil, helping to predict the migration of pollutants and their potential environmental impact. The test involves sample collection, preparation of a synthetic leachate solution, leaching procedure, equilibrium period, and filtration and analysis. The SPLP test holds significant importance in environmental laboratories for several reasons. It provides a more accurate representation of contaminants’ mobility, aiding in predicting potential movement in real-world scenarios. It can be customized to replicate site-specific conditions, providing insights into contaminants’ behavior under different soil types and climatic conditions. The test also aids in risk assessment, regulatory compliance, remediation strategies, and environmental impact assessment. Overall, the SPLP test is a valuable tool in soil testing for environmental laboratories, providing critical insights into the mobility and potential migration of contaminants, aiding in risk assessment, regulatory compliance, remediation planning, and overall environmental impact assessment.

Test Names and Methods Involved in Soil Testing

  1. Acetaldehyde by HPLC
    SW-846 8315A
  2. Acetone by GC
    SW-846 8015B
  3. Acetone by GC/MS
    SW-846 8260B
  4. Acid Extractable
    SW-846 8270C
  5. Acidity
    EPA 305.1
  6. Alcohols (n-Butanol, tert-Butanol, Ethanol, Methanol, and 2-Propanol)
    SW-846 8015B
  7. Ammonia Nitrogen
    EPA 350.3
  8. Anion, Individual (Br, Cl, F, NO2, NO3, PO4, and SO4)
    EPA 300
  9. Anions Scan (Br, Cl, F, NO2, NO3, PO4, and SO4)
    EPA 300
  10. Appendix IX, Chlorinated Herbicides
    SW-846 8151A
  11. Appendix IX, Cyanide
    SW-846 9012A
  12. Appendix IX, Metals
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  13. Appendix IX, Organochlorine Pesticides
    SW-846 8081A/8082
  14. Appendix IX, Organophosphorous Pesticides
    SW-846 8141A
  15. Appendix IX, Semivolatiles
    SW-846 8270C
  16. Appendix IX, Sulfide
    SW-846 9030BM/9034
  17. Appendix IX, Volatiles
    SW-846 8260B
  18. Ash
    ASTM D482-95
  19. Base / Neutral Extractables
    SW-846 8270C
  20. BNA (Base / Neutral Extractables & Acid)
    SW-846 8270C
  21. Bromide
    EPA 300
  22. BTEX
    SW-846 8021B
  23. BTEX + MTBE
    SW-846 8021B
  24. BTEX by GC/MS
    SW-846 8260B
  25. BTU (British Thermal Units)
    ASTM D-240
  26. Chloride
    SW-846 9212
    EPA 300
  27. Chlorinated Volatiles
    SW-846 8260B
  28. Chromium, Hexavalent
    SW-846 3060A/7196A
  29. Chromium, Trivalent
    SW-846 3060A/7196A
  30. COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand)
    EPA 410.4
  31. Conductance, Specific
    EPA 120.1
  32. Corrosivity, pH
    SW-846 Chapter 7
  33. Cresols
    SW-846 8270C
  34. Cyanide, Amenable
    SW-846 9014
  35. Cyanide, Total
    SW-846 9010B/9014
  36. Density / Specific Gravity
    SM 2710F
  37. DRO (Diesel Range Organics)
    SW-846 8015B
  38. EOX (Extractable Organic Halide)
    SW-846 9023
  39. Ethanol
    SW-846 8015B
  40. Ethylene Glycol
    SW-846 8015B
  41. Fingerprint by GC Scan
    SW-846 8015B
  42. Flash Point (Ignitability)
    SW-846 1010
  43. Fluoride
    EPA 300
  44. Formaldehyde
    SW-846 8315A
  45. Glycols (Ethylene Glycol, Diethylene Glycol, Propylene Glycol, Triethylene Glycol)
    SW-846 8015B
  46. GRO (Gasoline Range Organics)
    SW-846 8015B
  47. Halogenated Volatiles
    SW-846 8260B
  48. Herbicides, Chlorinated
    SW-8151A
  49. Herbicides, Priority Pollutants
    SW-8151A
  50. Hexavalent Chromium
    SW-846 3060A/7196A
  51. Ignitability (Flash Point)
    SW-846 1010
  52. Lead
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  53. Lead in Paint
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  54. Mercury
    SW-846 7470A/7471A
  55. Metals RCRA (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Se)
    SW-6010C/6020/7470A
  56. Metals
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  57. Metals, Individual (Al, As, Ag, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, K, Pb, Se, Si, Sb, Ti, Tl, V, Zn)
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  58. Metals, Individual, Special (Au, Bi, Li, Pd, Pt, Sr, S, Sn, W, Zr)
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  59. Metals, Land Application (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mo, Ni, P, K, Se, Zn, Hg (Phosphorus can be analyzed in metals group))
    SW-846 6010C/7471A
  60. Metals, Priority Pollutant
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  61. Metals, Scan (Semiquantitative)
    SW-846 6010C/6020
  62. Methanol
    SW-846 8015B
  63. Moisture
    EPA 160.3 modified
  64. MTBE (Methyl tert-butyl ether)
    SW-846 8021B
  65. Napthalene
    SW-846 8260B
  66. n-Butanol
    SW-846 8015B
  67. Nitrate Nitrogen by IC
    EPA 300
  68. Nitrogen, Ammonia
    EPA 350.3
  69. Nitrogen, Organic
    EPA 351.4/350.3
  70. Nitrogen, TKN
    EPA 351.4
  71. Nitrogen, Total
    EPA 351.4/300
  72. PAH by GC/MS
    SW-846 8270C
  73. PAH by HPLC
    SW-846 8310
  74. PCB in Soil
    SW-846 3580A/8082
  75. Percent Moisture
    EPA 160.3 modified
  76. Percent Solids
    SM 2540B
  77. Pesticides, Organochlorine
    SW-846 8081A
  78. Pesticides, Organophosphorus
    SW-846 8141A
  79. Pesticides, Priority Pollutant
    SW-846 8081A
    SW-846 9045
  80. pH
    SW-846 9045C
  81. Phenolics (Total Phenols)
    SW-846 9066
  82. Phenols by GC/MS
    SW-846 8270C
  83. Priority Pollutants Package (Cyanide, Metals, PCBs, Pesticides, Phenols, Semivolatiles, and Volatiles)
    EPA / SW-846
  84. RCI (Reactive Cyanide & Sulfide, Corrosivity (pH), and Ignitability)
    SW-846
  85. RCRA Metals (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Se)
    SW-6010C/6020/7470A
  86. Reactive Cyanide
    SW-846 Chapter 7.3.4
  87. Reactive Sulfide
    SW-846 Chapter 7.3.4
  88. Resistivity
    EPA 120.1
  89. Semivolatiles by GC/MS
    SW-846 8270C
  90. Semivolatiles Scan by GC/MS
    SW-846 8270C
  91. Semivolatiles, Priority Pollutants
    SW-846 8270C
  92. Silica (Dissolved)
    EPA 1683
  93. Specific Conductance
    EPA 120.1 modified
  94. Specific Gravity – Density
    SM 2710F
  95. SPLP Extraction (Synthetic Precipitation Leachate Procedure)
    SW-846 1312
  96. Sulfate
    EPA 300
  97. Sulfite
    SW-846 9030B/9034
    EPA 376.1/376.2
  98. TCLP Benzene
    SW-846 /1311/8021B
  99. TCLP BTEX
    SW-846 /1311/8021B
  100. TCLP Full Package (TCLP VOC, TCLP SV, TCLP Pesticides, TCLP Herbicides, TCLP Metals)
    SW-846
  101. TCLP Extraction: Non-volatile Extraction
    SW-846 1311
  102. TCLP Extraction: ZHE
    SW-846 1311
  103. TCLP Grit Trap (TCLP VOC, TCLP Metals, and RCI)
    SW-846
  104. TCLP Herbicides
    SW-846 1311/8151A
  105. TCLP Mercury
    SW-846 1311/7470A
  106. TCLP Metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se, Ag, Hg)
    SW-846 1311/6010C/7470
  107. TCLP Metals, Individual (Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Se)
    SW-846 1311/6010C/6020
  108. TCLP Metals, Texas (Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Hg)
    SW-846 1311/6010C/6020/
  109. TCLP Package, w/o Pesticides and Herbicides (TCLP Metals, TCLP VOC, TCLP SVOC)
    SW-846
  110. TCLP Pesticides
    SW-846 1311/8081A
  111. TCLP Semivolatiles
    SW-846 1311/8270C
  112. TCLP Volatiles
    SW-846 1311/8260B
  113. TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen)
    EPA 351.4
  114. TOC (Total Organic Carbon)
    EPA 415.2
  115. TOX / TOH (Total Organic Halide)
    SW-846 9023
  116. TPH by GC (DRO & GRO)
    SW-846 8015B
  117. TPH, Texas 1005
    Texas 1005
  118. TPH, Texas 1006
    Texas 1006
  119. TPH-DRO
    SW-846 8015B
  120. TPH-GRO
    SW-846 8015B
  121. Trivalent Chromium (Requires Total and Hexavalent Chromium)
    SW-846 3060A/7196A
  122. Volatiles (VOC)
    SW-846 8260B
  123. Volatiles (VOC) Scan by GC/MS
    SW-846 8260B
  124. Volatiles (VOC), Chlorinated
    SW-846 8260B
  125. Volatiles (VOC), Priority Pollutants
    SW-846 8260B

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